Identification and quantification of selected pesticides in surface water in Southern Gauteng region

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dc.contributor.advisorSipamla, A.M.
dc.contributor.advisorSibali, L. L.
dc.contributor.authorBucibo, Malesole Nontutu Gadihele
dc.date.accessioned2011-06-10T07:23:05Z
dc.date.available2011-06-10T07:23:05Z
dc.date.issued2011-06-10
dc.date.submitted2010-07
dc.descriptionThesis (M. Tech. - Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied and Computer Sciences) -- Vaal University of Technology, 2010en
dc.description.abstractThe increased production and application of pesticides for agricultural and non-agricultural purposes has caused the pollution of air, soil, ground and surface water. This has a negative impact on the environment as well as human health due to direct exposure or through residues in food and drinking water. The continuous monitoring of pesticides residues in environmental samples has great importance and demands high efficiency, unique selectivity and high sensitivity techniques. Gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography have been established for years as the techniques for the analysis of pesticides residues. The dissertation deals with the qualitative and quantitative determination of selected pesticides in the Southern Gauteng region using Liquid- liquid extraction solid-phase extraction, high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography equipped with electron capture detector and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction using dichloromethane, hexane and ethyl acetate as the extracting solvent were optimized and evaluated for the determination of pesticides in surface water in the Southern Gauteng region. From the developed method the techniques were applied to water samples taken from different rivers selected namely: Zuikerbosch, Rand Water barrage and Kliprivier for sampling. Dichloromethane was used as a solvent in this study since a recovery test was done between dichloromethane, Ethyl acetate and n-hexane. The percentage recovery test for 4,4-DDT, 4,4-DDE, 2,4-DDD and Endosulfan 1 & 2 ranged from 89.9% -97.3% for dichloromethane, 87.3%-96.8% for hexane 88.4%-97.1% for ethyl acetate. The extracts obtained were subjected to column chromatography for clean up. Thereafter 1µl of the cleaned extracts were injected into the Gas chromatography equipped with an electron capture detector. Organochlorines 4,4-DDT and its metabolites, Organophosphate Chlorypyriphos and carbamates were detected using Gas chromatography electron capture, Gas chromatography mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography.en
dc.format.extent104 leaves: diagr. graps.; 30 cm.en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10352/106
dc.language.isoenen
dc.relation.requiresPDF. Adobe Acrobat Readeren
dc.subjectPesticides in groundwateren
dc.subjectPesticides in surface wateren
dc.subjectAgriculture and pesticide usageen
dc.subjectWater pollutionen
dc.subjectPesticides in wateren
dc.subjectWater quality -- South Africaen
dc.subjectEnvironmental pollution.en
dc.subject.ddc628.161/096822en
dc.subject.lcshPesticides. Environmental aspectsen
dc.subject.lcshWater quality. Measurementen
dc.subject.lcshGroundwater. Quality. South Africaen
dc.titleIdentification and quantification of selected pesticides in surface water in Southern Gauteng regionen
dc.typeThesisen
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